2024(2025) O/L English Past Paper

Answers to tests 1 to 16

Quiz: Inverted Commas (Quotation Marks) ✍️

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1, What is the correct sentence?

  • “Hurry up!” shouted the coach.
  • “Hurry up”, shouted the coach.
  • “Hurry up!” shouted the coach.
  • Hurry up!” shouted the coach.

The correct sentences are:

  • “Hurry up!” shouted the coach.
  • “Hurry up!”, shouted the coach. (This option is also correct, following similar comma placement rules to the previous examples, though less common than placing the comma inside a quotation with a period).

The other two options are incorrect due to:

“Hurry up!” shouted the coach. (The comma is missing after “Hurry up!” to separate the quote from the dialogue tag “shouted the coach”).

Hurry up!” shouted the coach. (Missing opening quotation mark).

2, What is the correct sentence?

  • Rani said, “I am coming”.
  • Rani said “I am coming”.
  • Rani said, I am coming.
  • “I am coming”, said Rani.

The correct sentences are:

  • Rani said, “I am coming”.
  • “I am coming,” said Rani.

The other options are incorrect due to punctuation errors:

  • Rani said “I am coming”. This is incorrect because a comma is missing after “said” to introduce the direct quotation.
  • Rani said, I am coming. This is incorrect because quotation marks are missing around the direct speech.

Quiz: Apostrophe Used to Show Possession ✍️

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Exclamation Mark (!) ✍️

An exclamation mark (!) is a punctuation mark used to show strong feelings, emphasis, or sudden expressions in writing. It adds emotion, excitement, surprise, or urgency to a sentence. Unlike a period (.), which ends a neutral sentence, the exclamation mark makes the sentence more expressive and lively. 😊

1. To Show Strong Emotions ❤️😮

Exclamation marks are used when a sentence shows happiness, anger, surprise, fear, or excitement.

Wow! That was amazing! 🌟
Oh no! I forgot my homework! 📚
Hurray! We won the match! 🏆
Stop! Don’t touch that! ⚠️

2. To Show Commands or Urgent Instructions ⚡

When giving a command, warning, or instruction, exclamation marks make it more forceful.

Sit down! 🪑
Run fast! 🏃‍♂️💨
Be careful! 🚨
Help! Someone is in trouble! 🆘

3. In Interjections 🌟

Exclamation marks are used with interjections, which are short words expressing emotion or reaction.

Wow! That’s incredible! ✨
Oh! I didn’t see you there. 👀
Ouch! That hurts! 😖
Hooray! We are free! 🎉

4. To Add Emphasis in Sentences 🔥

Sometimes, exclamation marks emphasize a point, making it stronger or dramatic.

What a beautiful painting! 🎨
I can’t believe it! 😲
That’s the best cake I’ve ever eaten! 🍰
✨ Summary
The exclamation mark (!) is essential for expressing strong feelings, commands, surprises, or excitement in writing. Using it correctly makes sentences more lively, emotional, and engaging. But be careful: using too many exclamation marks can make writing seem overdramatic. Balance is key! 📝😊

Comma (,) ✍️

✍️ Comma (,)

A comma (,) is a punctuation mark used to show a short pause in a sentence. Commas help make writing clearer, organized, and easier to read. They separate ideas, list items, and prevent confusion. 😊

1. To Separate Items in a List 📝

Commas are used to separate three or more words, phrases, or items in a sentence.

I bought apples 🍎, bananas 🍌, oranges 🍊, and grapes 🍇.
She packed pencils ✏️, notebooks 📓, erasers, and a ruler.
We visited Paris 🇫🇷, London 🇬🇧, Rome 🇮🇹, and Berlin 🇩🇪.

2. Before Conjunctions (and, but, or) ⚡

Commas are often used before conjunctions to join two independent clauses.

I wanted to go to the park 🌳, but it started raining 🌧️.
She likes ice cream 🍦, and he prefers cake 🎂.
He studied hard 📚, so he passed the exam 🎯.

3. After Introductory Words or Phrases 🌟

Use a comma after introductory words, phrases, or clauses at the start of a sentence.

Yes, I will help you. ✅
After school, we went to the library 📖.
In the morning, the birds 🐦 were singing.

4. To Separate Extra Information (Non-Essential Clauses) 🧩

Commas are used to set off extra information that is not essential to the main meaning.

My brother, who is very tall, plays basketball 🏀.
The book, written by a famous author, is on the table. ✍️
Our dog, a playful Labrador, loves swimming. 🐕

5. With Direct Speech 🗣️

Commas are used before or after direct speech to separate it from the rest of the sentence.

She said, “I am going to the park.”
“Please sit down,” the teacher said.
“Hurry up,” shouted the coach. 🏃‍♂️

6. With Dates, Addresses, and Numbers 📅📍

Commas help organize dates, addresses, and large numbers.

He was born on August 15, 2005.
I live at 12, Elm Street, Colombo.
The population of the city is 1,234,567.
✨ Summary
Commas make writing clear, smooth, and readable. They show short pauses, separate items, organize ideas, and prevent confusion. Remember: a comma can change the meaning of a sentence, so use it carefully! 📝😊

Inverted Commas (Quotation Marks)

Inverted commas, also known as quotation marks (“ ”), are punctuation marks used to show exact words spoken, quotations, titles, or to highlight special words. They help make writing clearer and more expressive. 😊

🔹 1. To Show Direct Speech 🗣️

“I’m going to school now,” said Rani. 🎒
“What time is it?” asked Tom.
“Please help me,” the boy cried.

🔹 2. To Quote Someone’s Words 📖

The teacher said, “Reading makes you smarter.” 📚
My mother always says, “Be kind to everyone.” 💛

🔹 3. To Show Titles of Short Works 🎵📘

I love the song “Shape of You.” 🎶
We read the poem “The Road Not Taken.”
Did you watch the episode called “The Lost Map”?

🔹 4. To Highlight Special or Unusual Words ✨

The word “courage” means bravery. 💪
He gave me a “look” that I will never forget.
This machine can detect even the smallest “signals.”

🔹 5. Punctuation with Inverted Commas ⚠️

“Sit down,” the teacher said.
“Thank you.” 😊
✨ Inverted commas are essential for dialogue, quoting, titles, and highlighting words. Place punctuation correctly inside the marks. 📝✨

Apostrophe Used to Show Possession ✍️

An apostrophe ( ’ ) is used to show possession, meaning that something belongs to someone or something. This is one of the most important uses of the apostrophe in English. When we add an apostrophe, we show who owns or possesses something. 😊

🔹 1. Possession with Singular Nouns

For most singular nouns, we add ’s to show ownership.

The girl’s bag 🎒 (the bag belongs to the girl)
The teacher’s book 📘
The dog’s bone 🦴
The child’s toy 🧸
My brother’s bicycle 🚲

🔹 2. Possession with Plural Nouns Ending in -s

If the noun is plural and already ends with s, we add only an apostrophe ( ’ ) after the s.

The students’ classroom 🏫
The teachers’ meeting
The cars’ engines 🚗

🔹 3. Possession with Plural Nouns NOT Ending in -s

If the plural noun does not end in s, we add ’s.

The children’s playground 🛝
The men’s uniforms
The women’s handbags 👜

🔹 4. Possession with Names Ending in -s

For names ending in s, both forms are acceptable, but the most common is ’s.

James’s car
Chris’s laptop
The Joneses’ house (family name, plural)

🔹 5. Possession of Things

We can also show possession with things, places, or groups.

The country’s population 🌍
The school’s rules
The company’s offices
✨ Summary
Use an apostrophe to show ownership, but remember the correct form depends on whether the noun is singular, plural, or ends with s. Apostrophes make writing clearer and more meaningful. 📝😊

Quiz: Apostrophes in Contractions ✍️

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✍️Apostrophe Used in Contractions

What is an apostrophe in contractions?
The apostrophe (’ or ‘) is used to form contractions — shortened forms of words created by leaving out letters. The apostrophe shows where the letters were removed. Contractions make speech and informal writing sound natural and friendly. They are common in conversation, emails, stories, and when we want a conversational tone 😊.

🔧 How contractions are formed

A contraction combines two words into one by removing letters and inserting an apostrophe where the missing letters belong. For example, do not → don’t (the o is removed and replaced by an apostrophe).

📘 Common contractions & examples

I am → I’mI’m going to school now.
You are → you’reYou’re my best friend.
He is → he’sHe’s reading a book.
She will → she’llShe’ll arrive soon.
It is / It has → it’sIt’s raining. / It’s been a long day.
They are → they’reThey’re playing outside.
Cannot → can’tYou can’t enter without a ticket 🎫.
Do not → don’tI don’t like spinach.
Did not → didn’tShe didn’t finish her homework.
I have → I’veI’ve seen that movie already.

✅ Important common rules & warnings

It’s vs Its: It’s = it is / it has (contraction). Its (no apostrophe) = belonging to it. Example: It’s cold today. vs The dog wagged its tail.

You’re vs Your: You’re = you are. Your = belonging to you. Example: You’re late. vs Is this your pen?

Do not use apostrophes to make plurals of ordinary nouns (no ’s for plurals). Incorrect: apple’s for more than one apple. ✅ Correct: apples.

Formal writing caution: Contractions are fine in speech and informal writing, but use full forms (do not, cannot, it is) in formal essays and some exams ✍️.

🔎 More examples in sentences

  • He’ll come later — short for He will.
  • She’s finished her work — short for She has or She is (use context to decide).
  • We’ve been waiting for an hour — short for We have.
  • They’ve never seen the sea — short for They have.
  • I’d love to help — contraction of I would or I had (context matters).

Vocabulary – MCQ Quiz 2